Journal of Powder Materials

[Korean]
Current Technology Trends Analysis on the Recovery of Rare Earth Elements from Fluorescent Substance in the Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamps of Waste Flat Panel Displays: Leeseung Kang, Dongyoon Shin, Jieun Lee, Joong Woo Ahn, Hyun-Seon Hong; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2015;22(1):27-31. Published online February 1, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2015.22.1.27

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Abstract PDF: Flat panel display devices are mainly used as information display devices in the 21st century. The worldwide waste flat panel displays are expected at 2-3 million units but most of them are land-filled for want of a proper recycling technology More specifically, rare earth metals of La and Eu are used as fluorescent materials of Cold Cathode Flourscent Lamp(CCFL)s in the waste flat panel displays and they are critically vulnerable and irreplaceable strategic mineral resources. At present, most of the waste CCFLs are disposed of by land-filling and incineration and proper recovery of 80-plus tons per annum of the rare earth fluorescent materials will significantly contribute to steady supply of them. A dearth of Korean domestic research results on recovery and recycling of rare earth elements in the CCFLs prompts to initiate this status report on overseas research trends and noteworthy research results in related fields.

[English]
Coating of Cobalt Over Tungsten Carbide Powder by Wet Chemical Reduction Method: Hyun-Seon Hong, Jin-Ho Yoon; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2014;21(2):93-96. Published online April 1, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2014.21.2.93

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Cobalt coated tungsten carbide-cobalt composite powder has been prepared through wet chemical reduction method. The cobalt sulfate solution was converted to the cobalt chloride then the cobalt hydroxide. The tungsten carbide powders were added in to the cobalt hydroxide, the cobalt hydroxide was reduced and coated over tungsten carbide powder using hypo-phosphorous acid. Both the cobalt and the tungsten carbide phase peaks were evident in the tungsten carbide-cobalt composite powder by X-ray diffraction. The average particle size measured via scanning electron microscope, particle size analysis was around 380 nm and the thickness of coated cobalt was determined to be 30~40 nm by transmission electron microscopy.

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Electroless Ni-P deposition on WC powders through direct PdCl2 activation and study on the underlying mechanisms
Peng Tang, Shuwen Jiang, Jiawei Yan, Xianquan Li
Next Materials.2025; 6: 100496. CrossRef
Pre-treatments of initial materials for controlling synthesized TaC characteristics in the SHS process
Jae Jin Sim, Sang Hoon Choi, Ji Hwan Park, Il Kyu Park, Jae Hong Lim, Kyoung Tae Park
journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2018; 25(3): 251. CrossRef
Spark plasma sintering of WC–Co tool materials prepared with emphasis on WC core–Co shell structure development
Sungkyu Lee, Hyun Seon Hong, Hyo-Seob Kim, Soon-Jik Hong, Jin-Ho Yoon
International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials.2015; 53: 41. CrossRef

[Korean]
Optimization of Wet Reduction Processing for Nanosized Cobalt Powder: Hyun-Seon Hong, Hang-Chul Jung, Geon-Hong Kim, Lee-Seung Kang, Han-Gil Suk; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2013;20(3):191-196.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2013.20.3.191

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Nano-sized cobalt powder was fabricated by wet chemical reduction method at room temperature. The effects of various experimental variables on the overall properties of fabricated nano-sized cobalt powders have been investigated in detail, and amount of NaOH and reducing agent and dropping speed of reducing agent have been properly selected as experimental variables in the present research. Minitab program which could find optimized conditions was adopted as a statistic analysis. 3D Scatter-Plot and DOE (Design of Experiments) conditions for synthesis of nano-sized cobalt powder were well developed using Box-Behnken DOE method. Based on the results of the DOE process, reproducibility test were performed for nano-sized cobalt powder. Spherical nano-sized cobalt powders with an average size of 70-100 nm were successfully developed and crystalline peaks for the HCP and FCC structure were observed without second phase such as Co(OH)_2.

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Preparation of Spherical Cobalt Fine Powders by New Liquid Reduction Method
Dae Weon Kim, Ji-Hoon Kim, Yo-Han Choi, Hee Lack Choi, Jin-Ho Yoon
journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.1970; 22(4): 260. CrossRef

[Korean]
The Effect of Milling Conditions for Dissolution Efficiency of Valuable Metals from PDP Waste Panels: Hyo-Seob Kim, Chan-Mi Kim, Chul-Hee Lee, Sung-Kyu Lee, Hyun-Seon Hong, Jar-Myung Koo, Soon-Jik Hong; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2013;20(2):107-113.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2013.20.2.107

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In this study, the microstructure and valuable metals dissolution properties of PDP waste panel powders were investigated as a function of milling parameters such as ball diameter size, milling time, and rotational speed during high-energy milling process. The complete refinement of powder could achieved at the ball diameter size of 5 mm due to sufficient impact energy and the number of collisions. With increasing milling time, the average particle size was rapidly decreased until the first 30 seconds, then decreased gradually about 3µm at 3 minutes and finally, increased with presence of agglomerated particles of 35µm at 5 minutes. Although there was no significant difference on the size of the particle according to the rotational speed from 900 to 1,100 rpm, the total valuable metals dissolution amount was most excellent at 1,100 rpm. As a result, the best milling conditions for maximum dissolving amount of valuable metals (Mg: 375 ppm, Ag 135 ppm, In: 17 ppm) in this research were achieved with 5 mm of ball diameter size, 3min of milling time, and 1,100 rpm of rotational speed.

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Comparison Of Mercury Distribution Between The Types Of Spent Fluorescent Lamp
S.W. Rhee, H.-S. Park, H.H. Choi
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials.2015; 60(2): 1297. CrossRef

[Korean]
Recovery of Copper Powder form MoO₃ Leaching Solution Using Cementation Reaction System: Geon-Hong Kim, Hyun-Seon Hong, Hang-Chul Jung; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2012;19(6):405-411.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2012.19.6.405

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Recovery of copper powder from copper chloride solution used in MoO_3 leaching process was carried out using a cementation method. Cementation is a simple and economical process, necessitating less energy compared with other recovery methods. Cementation utilizes significant difference in standard reduction potential between copper and iron under standard condition. In the present research, Cementation process variables of temperature, time, and added amount of iron scraps were optimized by using design of experiment method and individual effects on yield and efficiency of copper powder recovery were investigated using bench-scale cementation reaction system. Copper powders thus obtained from cementation process were further characterized using various analytical tools such as XRF, SEM-EDS and laser diffraction and scattering methods. Cementation process necessitated further purification of recovered copper powders and centrifugal separation method was employed, which successfully yielded copper powders of more than 99.65% purity and average 1µm in size.

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Recovery of Tin as Tin oxide nanoparticles from waste printed circuit boards for photocatalytic dye degradation
Dina Magdy Abdo, Sabah Mohamed Abdelbasir, Shakinaz Taha El-Sheltawy, Ibrahim Ahmed Ibrahim
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering.2021; 38(9): 1934. CrossRef
Development of Pre-treatment for Tin Recovery from Waste Resources
Y.H. Jin, D.H. Jang, H.C. Jung, K.W. Lee
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2014; 21(2): 142. CrossRef

[Korean]
Synthesis and Electrochemical Performance of Li₂MnSiO₄ for Lithium Ion Battery Prepared by Amorphous Silica Precusor: Yun-Ho Jin, Kun-Jae Lee, Lee-Seung Kang, Hang-Chul Jung, Hyun-Seon Hong; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2012;19(3):210-214.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2012.19.3.210

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Abstract PDF: Mass production-capable Li_2MnSiO_4 powder was synthesized for use as cathode material in state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries. These batteries are main powder sources for high tech-end digital electronic equipments and electric vehicles in the near future and they must possess high specific capacity and durable charge-discharge characteristics. Amorphous silicone was quite superior to crystalline one as starting material to fabricate silicone oxide with high reactivity between precursors of sol-gel type reaction intermediates. The amorphous silicone starting material also has beneficial effect of efficiently controlling secondary phases, most notably Li_xSiO_x. Lastly, carbon was coated on Li_2MnSiO_4 powders by using sucrose to afford some improved electrical conductivity. The carbon-coated Li_2MnSiO_4 cathode material was further characterized using SEM, XRD, and galvanostatic charge/discharge test method for morphological and electrochemical examinations. Coin cell was subject to 1.5-4.8 V at C/20, where 74 mAh/g was observed during primary discharge cycle.

[Korean]
Industrial Supply Chain Trend of Domestic Tungsten: Joon-Woo Song, Sang-Hyun Lee, Hyun-Seon Hong, Hong-Yoon Kang, Soon-Jik Hong; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2012;19(1):79-86.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2012.19.1.079

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Extraction Factor Of Tungsten Sources From Tungsten Scraps By Zinc Decomposition Process
J.-H. Pee, G.H. Kim, H.Y. Lee, Y.J. Kim
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials.2015; 60(2): 1311. CrossRef
Microstructure and Elevated Temperature Strength of W-ZrC Composites with Micrometric and Nanosized ZrC Particles
Yoon Soo Han, Sung-Soo Ryu
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2014; 21(6): 415. CrossRef
Investigation of Material Flow and Industrial Trend of Domestic Europium
Han-Jin Ko, Jeong-Gon Kim, Il-Seuk Lee, Hong-Yoon Kang, Soon-Jik Hong
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2013; 20(5): 382. CrossRef

[English]
Morphologies of Brazed NiO-YSZ/316 Stainless Steel Using B-Ni2 Brazing Filler Alloy in a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System: Sung-Kyu Lee, Kyoung-Hoon Kang, Hyun-Seon Hong, Sang-Kook Woo; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2011;18(5):430-436.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2011.18.5.430

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Abstract PDF: Joining of NiO-YSZ to 316 stainless steel was carried out with B-Ni2 brazing alloy (3 wt% Fe, 4.5 wt% Si, 3.2 wt% B, 7 wt% Cr, Ni-balance, m.p. 971-999°C) to seal the NiO-YSZ anode/316 stainless steel interconnect structure in a SOFC. In the present research, interfacial (chemical) reactions during brazing at the NiO-YSZ/316 stainless steel interconnect were enhanced by the two processing methods, a) addition of an electroless nickel plate to NiO-YSZ as a coating or b) deposition of titanium layer onto NiO-YSZ by magnetron plasma sputtering method, with process variables and procedures optimized during the pre-processing. Brazing was performed in a cold-wall vacuum furnace at 1080°C. Post-brazing interfacial morphologies between NiO-YSZ and 316 stainless steel were examined by SEM and EDS methods. The results indicate that B-Ni2 brazing filler alloy was fused fully during brazing and continuous interfacial layer formation depended on the method of pre-coating NiO-YSZ. The inter-diffusion of elements was promoted by titanium-deposition: the diffusion reaction thickness of the interfacial area was reduced to less than 5 µm compared to 100 µm for electroless nickel-deposited NiO-YSZ cermet.

[Korean]
Characteristics of Indium Dissolution of Waste LCD Panel Powders Fabricated by High Energy Ball Milling (HEBM) Process with Milling Time: Hyo-Seob Kim, Jun-Je Sung, Cheol-Hee Lee, Hyun-Seon Hong, Soon-Jik Hong; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2011;18(4):378-384.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2011.18.4.378

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In this research, the indium dissolution properties of the waste LCD panel powders were investigated as a function of milling time fabricated by high-energy ball milling (HEBM) process. The particle morphology of waste LCD panel powders changed from sharp and irregular shape of initial cullet to spherical shape with an increase in milling time. The particle size quickly decreased to 15 µm until the first minute, then decreased gradually about 6 µm with presence of agglomerated particles after 5 minutes, which increased gradually reaching a uniform size of 13 µm consist of agglomerated particles after 30 minutes. The glass recovery, after dissolution, was over 99% at initial cullet, which decreased to 90.1 and 78.6% with increasing milling time of 1 and 30 minute respectively, due to a loss in remaining powder of the surface ball and jar, as well as the filter paper. The dissolution amount of indium out of the initial cullet was 208 ppm before milling, turning into 223 ppm for the mechanically milled powder after 1 minute, and nearly 146~125 ppm with further increase in milling time because of the reaction surface decrease of powders due to agglomeration. With this process, maximum dissolving indium amount (223 ppm) could be achieved at a particle size of 15 µm with 1 minute of milling.

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Indium ion cementation onto aluminum plates in hydrochloric acid solutions: a kinetic perspective
Hyun Seon Hong, Geon Hong Kim, Myung Hwan Hong, Sungkyu Lee, Jae-Chun Lee
International Journal of Materials Research.2014; 105(2): 177. CrossRef
The Effect of Milling Conditions for Dissolution Efficiency of Valuable Metals from PDP Waste Panels
Hyo-Seob Kim, Chan-Mi Kim, Chul-Hee Lee, Sung-Kyu Lee, Hyun-Seon Hong, Jar-Myung Koo, Soon-Jik Hong
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2013; 20(2): 107. CrossRef

[Korean]
Preparation of the Nano Cobalt Powder by Wet Chemical Reduction Method: Hyun-Seon Hong, Young-Dae Ko, Lee-Seung Kang, Geon-Hong Kim, Hang-Chul Jung; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2011;18(3):244-249.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2011.18.3.244

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Spherical nanosized cobalt powder with an average size of 150-400 nm was successfully prepared at room temperature from cobalt sulfate heptahydrate (CoSO_4cdot7H_2O). Wet chemical reduction method was adopted to synthesize nano cobalt powder and hypophosphorous acid (H_3PO_2) was used as reduction agent. Both the HCP and the FCC Co phase were developed while CoSO_4cdot7H_2O concentration ranged from 0.7 M to 1.1 M. Secondary phase such as Co(OH)_2 and CO_3O_4 were also observed. Peaks for the crystalline Co phase having HCP and FCC structure crystallized as increasing the concentration of H_3PO_2, indicating that the amount of reduction agent was enough to reduce Co(OH)_2. Consequently, a homogeneous Co phase could be developed without second phase when the H_3PO_2/CoSO_4cdot7H_2O ratio exceeded 7.

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First-principles calculations to investigate electrochemical performance, storage mechanism and magnetocaloric effect of LiFeBO3 for lithium-ion batteries and magnetic refrigerants
Othmane Mennaoui, Rachid Masrour, Ling Xu, El Kebir Hlil
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Spark plasma sintering of WC–Co tool materials prepared with emphasis on WC core–Co shell structure development
Sungkyu Lee, Hyun Seon Hong, Hyo-Seob Kim, Soon-Jik Hong, Jin-Ho Yoon
International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials.2015; 53: 41. CrossRef
Coating of Cobalt Over Tungsten Carbide Powder by Wet Chemical Reduction Method
Hyun-Seon Hong, Jin-Ho Yoon
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2014; 21(2): 93. CrossRef
Optimization of Wet Reduction Processing for Nanosized Cobalt Powder
Hyun-Seon Hong, Hang-Chul Jung, Geon-Hong Kim, Lee-Seung Kang, Han-Gil Suk
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2013; 20(3): 191. CrossRef
Synthesis and Characterization of CoFe2O4/SiO2using Cobalt Precursors from Recycling Waste Cemented Carbide
Ri Yu, Jae-Hwan Pee, Yoo-Jin Kim
Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society.2011; 48(5): 454. CrossRef
Preparation of Spherical Cobalt Fine Powders by New Liquid Reduction Method
Dae Weon Kim, Ji-Hoon Kim, Yo-Han Choi, Hee Lack Choi, Jin-Ho Yoon
journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.1970; 22(4): 260. CrossRef

[Korean]
Research and Development Status of Low-Cost Fe-based Cathode Materials for Lithium Secondary Batteries: Hyun-Seon Hong, Young-Dae Ko, Lee-Seung Kang, Hang-Chul Jung, Geon-Hong Kim; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2011;18(2):196-203.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2011.18.2.196

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Study of storage mechanism and the electrochemical performance of LiMnBO 3 for lithium‐ion batteries
Othmane Mennaoui, Rachid Masrour, Abderrahim Jabar, El Kebir Hlil
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Solvent Extraction of Co, Ni and Mn from NCM Sulfate Leaching Solution of Li(NCM)O2 Secondary Battery Scraps
Hyun Seon Hong, Dae Weon Kim, Hee Lack Choi, Sung-Soo Ryu
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials.2017; 62(2): 1011. CrossRef
Synthesis and characterization of LiMnBO3 cathode material for lithium ion batteries
Kun-Jae Lee, Lee-Seung Kang, Sunghyun Uhm, Jae Sik Yoon, Dong-Wan Kim, Hyun Seon Hong
Current Applied Physics.2013; 13(7): 1440. CrossRef

[Korean]
Overview and Future Concerns for Lithium-Ion Batteries Materials: Hang-Chul Jung, Geon-Hong Kim, Hyun-Seon Hong, Dong-Wan Kim; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2010;17(3):175-189.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2010.17.3.175

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13 Citations

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Recovery of Barium, Nickel, and Titanium Powders from Waste MLCC
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Haein Shin, Jongwon Bae, Minsu Kang, Kun-Jae Lee
journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2023; 30(6): 502. CrossRef
Changes in Electrical Properties of Copper-Plated Layer by Organic Additives on High Current Density
Tae-Gyu Woo, Il-Song Park
Korean Journal of Metals and Materials.2020; 58(1): 41. CrossRef
A Study on the Recovery of Li2CO3 from Cathode Active Material NCM(LiNiCoMnO2) of Spent Lithium Ion Batteries
Jei-Pil Wang, Jae-Jung Pyo, Se-Ho Ahn, Dong-Hyeon Choi, Byeong-Woo Lee, Dong-Won Lee
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2018; 25(4): 296. CrossRef
Effect of Gelatin and Chloride Ions on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructural Evolution of Copper Foil
Tae-Gyu Woo, Man-Hyung Lee, Kyeong-Won Seol
Korean Journal of Metals and Materials.2018; 56(7): 518. CrossRef
Main Effects of Plating Parameters on Mechanical and Surface Properties of Electroplated Copper
Tae-Gyu Woo, Il-Song Park, Kyeong-Won Seol
Korean Journal of Metals and Materials.2018; 56(6): 459. CrossRef
Solvent Extraction of Co, Ni and Mn from NCM Sulfate Leaching Solution of Li(NCM)O2 Secondary Battery Scraps
Hyun Seon Hong, Dae Weon Kim, Hee Lack Choi, Sung-Soo Ryu
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials.2017; 62(2): 1011. CrossRef
The effect of additives and current density on mechanical properties of cathode metal for secondary battery
Tae-Gyu Woo, Il-Song Park, Kyeong-Won Seol
Electronic Materials Letters.2013; 9(4): 535. CrossRef
Recovery of Lithium and Leaching Behavior of NCM Powder by Carbon Reductive Treatment from Li(NCM)O2System Secondary Battery Scraps
Dae Weon Kim, Seong Tae Jang
Journal of the Korean Institute of Resources Recycling.2013; 22(4): 62. CrossRef
Recovery of Lithium and Leaching Behavior of NCM Powder by Hydrogen Reductive Treatment from NCM System Li-ion Battery Scraps
Dae Weon Kim, Seong Tae Jang, Kyung Min Baek
Journal of the Korean Institute of Resources Recycling.2013; 22(3): 43. CrossRef
Industrial Supply Chain Trend of Domestic Tungsten
Joon-Woo Song, Sang-Hyun Lee, Hyun-Seon Hong, Hong-Yoon Kang, Soon-Jik Hong
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2012; 19(1): 79. CrossRef
Research and Development Status of Low-Cost Fe-based Cathode Materials for Lithium Secondary Batteries
Hyun-Seon Hong, Young-Dae Ko, Lee-Seung Kang, Hang-Chul Jung, Geon-Hong Kim
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2011; 18(2): 196. CrossRef
Preparation of the Nano Cobalt Powder by Wet Chemical Reduction Method
Hyun-Seon Hong, Young-Dae Ko, Lee-Seung Kang, Geon-Hong Kim, Hang-Chul Jung
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2011; 18(3): 244. CrossRef

[Korean]
Recycling Technology for End-of-Life LCD Units: Hi-Min Lee, Hyun-Seon Hong, Hang-Chul Jung, Hong-Yoon Kang, Soon-Jik Hong; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2010;17(2):88-100.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2010.17.2.088

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The Effect of Milling Conditions for Dissolution Efficiency of Valuable Metals from PDP Waste Panels
Hyo-Seob Kim, Chan-Mi Kim, Chul-Hee Lee, Sung-Kyu Lee, Hyun-Seon Hong, Jar-Myung Koo, Soon-Jik Hong
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2013; 20(2): 107. CrossRef
Characteristics of Indium Dissolution of Waste LCD Panel Powders Fabricated by High Energy Ball Milling (HEBM) Process with Milling Time
Hyo-Seob Kim, Jun-Je Sung, Cheol-Hee Lee, Hyun-Seon Hong, Soon-Jik Hong
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2011; 18(4): 378. CrossRef

[Korean]
Recovery of Copper Powder from MoO₃ Leaching Solution: Hyun-Seon Hong, Hang-Chul Jung, Geun-Hong Kim, Man-Sik Kong; J Korean Powder Metall Inst. 2009;16(5):351-357.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4150/KPMI.2009.16.5.351

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Abstract PDF

A two-step recovery method was developed to produce copper powders from copper chloride waste solution as byproducts of MoO_3 leaching process. The first step consisted of replacing noble copper ions with external Fe3+ ions which were formed by dissolving iron scraps in the copper chloride waste solution. The replaced copper ions were subsequently precipitated as copper powders. The second step was cementation of entire solution mixture to separate (pure) copper powders from aqueous solution of iron chloride. Cementation process variables of temperature, time, and added amount of iron scraps were optimized by using design of experiment method and individual effects on yield and efficiency of copper powder recovery were investigated. Copper powders thus obtained from cementation process were further characterized using various analytical tools such as XRD, SEM-EDS and laser diffraction and scattering methods.Cementation process necessitated further purification of recovered copper powders and centrifugal separation method was employed, which successfully yielded copper powders of more than 99% purity and average 1sim2mum in size.

Citations

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Recovery of Tin as Tin oxide nanoparticles from waste printed circuit boards for photocatalytic dye degradation
Dina Magdy Abdo, Sabah Mohamed Abdelbasir, Shakinaz Taha El-Sheltawy, Ibrahim Ahmed Ibrahim
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering.2021; 38(9): 1934. CrossRef
Recovery of Copper Powder form MoO3Leaching Solution Using Cementation Reaction System
Geon-Hong Kim, Hyun-Seon Hong, Hang-Chul Jung
Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2012; 19(6): 405. CrossRef

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