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• Review of “Integrated Computer-Aided Process Engineering Session in the 17th International Symposium on Novel and Nano Materials (ISNNM, 14–18 November 2022)”
  Yeon-Joo Lee, Pil-Ryung Cha, Hyoung-Seop Kim, Hyun-Joo Choi
  MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS.2025; 66(1): 144.     CrossRef

In this study, Ni-Y₂O₃ powder was prepared by alloying recomposition oxidation sintering (AROS), solution combustion synthesis (SCS), and conventional mechanical alloying (MA). The microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloys were investigated by spark plasma sintering (SPS). Among the Ni-Y₂O₃ powders synthesized by the three methods, the AROS powder had approximately 5 nm of Y₂O₃ crystals uniformly distributed within the Ni particles, whereas the SCS powder contained a mixture of Ni and Y₂O₃ nanoparticles, and the MA powder formed small Y₂O₃ crystals on the surface of large Ni particles by milling the mixture of Ni and Y₂O₃. The average grain size of Y₂O₃ in the sintered alloys was approximately 15 nm, with the AROS sinter having the smallest, followed by the SCS sinter at 18 nm, and the MA sinter at 22 nm. The yield strength (YS) of the SCS- and MA-sintered alloys were 1511 and 1688 MPa, respectively, which are lower than the YS value of 1697 MPa for the AROS-sintered alloys. The AROS alloy exhibited improved strength compared to the alloys fabricated by SCS and conventional MA methods, primarily because of the increased strengthening from the finer Y₂O₃ particles and Ni grains.

Machine learning-based data analysis approaches have been employed to overcome the limitations in accurately analyzing data and to predict the results of the design of Nb-based superalloys. In this study, a database containing the composition of the alloying elements and their room-temperature tensile strengths was prepared based on a previous study. After computing the correlation between the tensile strength at room temperature and the composition, a material science analysis was conducted on the elements with high correlation coefficients. These alloying elements were found to have a significant effect on the variation in the tensile strength of Nb-based alloys at room temperature. Through this process, a model was derived to predict the properties using four machine learning algorithms. The Bayesian ridge regression algorithm proved to be the optimal model when Y, Sc, W, Cr, Mo, Sn, and Ti were used as input features. This study demonstrates the successful application of machine learning techniques to effectively analyze data and predict outcomes, thereby providing valuable insights into the design of Nb-based superalloys.

Beta-titanium alloys are used in many industries due to their increased elongation resulting from their BCC structure and low modulus of elasticity. However, there are many limitations to their use due to the high cost of betastabilizer elements. In this study, biocompatible Ti-Mo-Fe beta titanium alloys are designed by replacing costly betastabilizer elements (e.g., Nb, Zr, or Ta) with inexpensive Mo and Fe elements. Additionally, Ti-Mo-Fe alloys designed with different Fe contents are fabricated using powder metallurgy. Fe is a strong, biocompatible beta-stabilizer element and a low-cost alloying element. The mechanical properties of the Ti-Mo-Fe metastable beta titanium alloys are analyzed in relation to the microstructural changes. When the Fe content increases, the tensile strength and elongation decrease due to brittle fracture despite a decreasing pore fraction. It is confirmed that the hardness and tensile strength of Ti-5Mo-2Fe P/M improve to more than 360 Hv and 900 MPa, respectively.

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• Fabrication of Ti-Mo Core-shell Powder and Sintering Properties for Application as a Sputtering Target
  Won Hee Lee, Chun Woong Park, Heeyeon Kim, Yuncheol Ha, Jongmin Byun, Young Do Kim
  journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2024; 31(1): 43.     CrossRef
• Effect of Strain Rate on Deformation Behaviors of Ti-12.1Mo -1Fe Metastable Beta Alloy
  In Kyeong Jin, Dong-Geun Lee
  Korean Journal of Metals and Materials.2023; 61(10): 741.     CrossRef

The green body of WC-Co cemented carbides containing polymeric binders such as paraffin, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and polyvinyl acetate (PVA) are prepared. The green density of the WC-Co cemented carbides increases with the addition of binders, with the exception of PVA, which is known to be a polar polymeric substance. The green strength of the WC-Co cemented carbides improves with the addition of paraffin and a mixture of PEG400 and PEG4000. In contrast, the green strength of the WC-Co does not increase when PEG400 and PEG4000 is added individually. The compressive strength of the green body increases to 14 MPa, and the machinability of the green body improves when more than 4–6 wt% paraffin and a mixture of PEG400 and PEG4000 is used. Simultaneously, the sintered density of WC-Co is as high as 99% relative density, similar to a low binder addition of 1–2 wt%.

A new Fe-Cr-Mo-B-C amorphous alloy is designed, which offers high mechanical strength, corrosion resistance as well as high glass-forming ability and its gas-atomized amorphous powder is deposited on an ASTM A213-T91 steel substrate using the high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) process. The hybrid coating layer, consisting of nanocrystalline and amorphous phases, exhibits strong bonding features with the substrate, without revealing significant pore formation. By the coating process, it is possible to obtain a dense structure in which pores are hardly observed not only inside the coating layer but also at the interface between the coating layer and the substrate. The coating layer exhibits good adhesive strength as well as good wear resistance, making it suitable for coating layers for biomass applications.

Oxide dispersion-strengthened (ODS) steel has excellent high-temperature properties, corrosion resistance, and oxidation resistance, and is expected to be applicable in various fields. Recently, various studies on mechanical alloying (MA) have been conducted for the dispersion of oxide particles in ODS steel with a high number density. In this study, ODS steel is manufactured by introducing a complex milling process in which planetary ball milling, cryogenic ball milling, and drum ball milling are sequentially performed, and the microstructure and high-temperature mechanical properties of the ODS steel are investigated. The microstructure observation revealed that the structure is stretched in the extrusion direction, even after the heat treatment. In addition, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis confirmed the presence of oxide particles in the range of 5 to 10 nm. As a result of the room-temperature and high-temperature compression tests, the yield strengths were measured as 1430, 1388, 418, and 163 MPa at 25, 500, 700, and 900°C, respectively. Based on these results, the correlation between the microstructure and mechanical properties of ODS steel manufactured using the composite milling process is also discussed.

In this study, we investigate the effect of the duration of mechanical alloying on the microstructures and mechanical properties of ODS ferritic/martensitic steel. The Fe(bal.)-10Cr-1Mo pre-alloyed powder and Y₂O₃ powder are mechanically alloyed for the different mechanical alloying duration (0 to 40 h) and then constantly fabricated using a uniaxial hot pressing process. Upon increasing the mechanical alloying time, the average powder diameter and crystallite size increased dramatically. In the initial stages within 5 h of mechanical alloying, inhomogeneous grain morphology is observed along with coarsened carbide and oxide distributions; thus, precipitate phases are temporarily observed between the two powders because of insufficient collision energy to get fragmented. After 40 h of the MA process, however, fine martensitic grains and uniformly distributed oxide particles are observed. This led to a favorable tensile strength and elongation at room temperature and 650°C.

There is increasing demand for the development of a new material with high strength, high stiffness, and good electrical conductivity that can be used for high-voltage direct current cables. In this study, we develop aluminumbased composites containing C₆₀ fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, or graphene using a powder metallurgical route and evaluate their strength, stiffness, coefficient of thermal expansion, and electrical conductivity. By optimizing the process conditions, a material with a tensile strength of 800 MPa, an elastic modulus of 90 GPa, and an electrical conductivity of 40% IACS is obtained, which may replace iron-core cables. Furthermore, by designing the type and volume fraction of the reinforcement, a material with a tensile strength of 380 MPa, elastic modulus of 80 GPa, and electrical conductivity of 54% IACS is obtained, which may compete with AA 6201 aluminum alloys for use in all-aluminum conductor cables.

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• Synergistic strengthening of aluminum with SiC by grain refinement and dispersion hardening
  Kanhu C. Nayak, Juyeon Han, Suwon Park, Miran Joo, Kon‐Bae Lee, Donghyun Bae, Hyunjoo Choi
  Journal of the American Ceramic Society.2023; 106(12): 7340.     CrossRef
• Synergetic effect of milling speed and duration on particle morphology and mechanical properties of nanocrystalline Al matrix containing SiC
  K.C. Nayak, J.Y. Han, C.H. Jung, M.R. Joo, K.B. Lee, D.H. Bae, H.J. Choi
  Powder Metallurgy.2023; 66(5): 519.     CrossRef

Bulk graphite is manufactured using graphite scrap as the filler and phenolic resin as the binder. Graphite scrap, which is the by-product of processing the final graphite product, is pulverized and sieved by particle size. The relationship between the density and porosity is analyzed by measuring the mechanical properties of bulk graphite. The filler materials are sieved into mean particle sizes of 10.62, 23.38, 54.09, 84.29, and 126.64 μm. The bulk graphite density using the filler powder with a particle size of 54.09 μm is 1.38 g/cm³, which is the highest value in this study. The compressive strength tends to increase as the bulk graphite density increases. The highest compressive strength of 43.14 MPa is achieved with the 54.09 μm powder. The highest flexural strength of 23.08 MPa is achieved using the 10.62 μm powder, having the smallest average particle size. The compressive strength is affected by the density of bulk graphite, and the flexural strength is affected by the filler particle size of bulk graphite.

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• Effect of Microstructural Change under Pressure during Isostatic Pressing on Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Isotropic Carbon Blocks
  Tae-Sub Byun, Sang-Hye Lee, Suk-Hwan Kim, Jae-Seung Roh
  Materials.2024; 17(2): 387.     CrossRef
• Feasibility assessment of manufacturing carbonized blocks from rice husk charcoal
  Young-Min Hwang, Jae-Seung Roh, Gibeop Nam
  Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery.2024; 14(20): 26409.     CrossRef
• Improving the packing and mechanical properties of graphite blocks by controlling filler particle-size distribution
  Hye in Hwang, Ji Hong Kim, Ji Sun Im
  Advanced Composite Materials.2024; 33(5): 762.     CrossRef
• Effect of Impregnation and Graphitization on EDM Performance of Graphite Blocks Using Recycled Graphite Scrap
  Sang-Hye Lee, Dong-Pyo Jeon, Hyun-Yong Lee, Dong-Gu Lee, Jae-Seung Roh
  Processes.2023; 11(12): 3368.     CrossRef
• Ultrafine Graphite Scrap and Carbon Blocks Prepared by High-Solid-Loading Bead Milling and Conventional Ball Milling: A Comparative Assessment
  Chonradee Amnatsin, Waroot Kanlayakan, Siraprapa Lhosupasirirat, Nattarut Verojpipath, Boonsueb Pragobjinda, Tanakorn Osotchan, Chakrit Sirisinha, Toemsak Srikhirin
  ACS Omega.2023; 8(50): 47919.     CrossRef
• The Effect of the Heating Rate during Carbonization on the Porosity, Strength, and Electrical Resistivity of Graphite Blocks Using Phenolic Resin as a Binder
  Sang-Hye Lee, Jae-Hyun Kim, Woo-Seok Kim, Jae-Seung Roh
  Materials.2022; 15(9): 3259.     CrossRef
• Rheological Behaviour of Hard-Metal Carbide Powder Suspensions at High Shear Rates
  B. Hausnerová, P. Sáha, J. Kubát, T. Kitano, J. Becker
  Journal of Polymer Engineering.2000;[Epub]     CrossRef

We investigate the effects of Yb₂O₃ and calcium aluminosilicate (CAS) glass as sintering additives on the sintering behavior of AlN. The AlN specimens are sintered at temperatures between 1700°C and 1900°C for 2 h in a nitrogen atmosphere. When the Yb₂O₃ content is low (within 3 wt.%), an isolated shape of secondary phase is observed at the AlN grain boundary. In contrast, when 3 wt.% Yb₂O₃ and 1 wt.% CAS glass are added, a continuous secondary phase is formed at the AlN grain boundary. The thermal conductivity decreases when the CAS glass is added, but the sintering density does not decrease. In particular, when 10 wt.% Yb₂O₃ and 1 wt.% CAS glass are added to AlN, the flexural strength is the highest, at 463 MPa. These results are considered to be influenced by changes in the microstructure of the secondary phase of AlN.

In this study, we fabricate a thin- and dense-BCuP-5 coating layer, one of the switching device multilayers, through a plasma spray process. In addition, the microstructure and macroscopic properties of the coating layer, such as hardness and bond strength, are investigated. Both the initial powder feedstock and plasma-sprayed BCuP-5 coating layer show the main Cu phase, Cu-Ag-Cu₃P ternary phases, and Ag phase. This means that microstructural degradation does not occur during plasma spraying. The Vickers hardness of the coating layer was measured as 117.0 HV, indicating that the fine distribution of the three phases enables the excellent mechanical properties of the plasma-sprayed BCuP-5 coating layer. The pull-off strength of the plasma-sprayed BCuP-5 coating layer is measured as 16.5 kg/cm². Based on the above findings, the applicability of plasma spray for the fabrication process of low-cost multi-layered electronic contact materials is discussed and suggested.

In this study, the effects of kaolin addition on the properties of reticulated porous diatomite-kaolin composites are investigated. A reticulated porous diatomite-kaolin composite is prepared using the replica template method. The microstructure and pore characteristics of the reticulated porous diatomite-kaolin composites are analyzed by controlling the PPI value (45, 60, and 80 PPI) of the polyurethane foam (which are used as the polymer template), the ball-milling time (8 and 24 h), and the amount of kaolin (0–50 wt. %). The average pore size decreases as the amount of kaolin increases in the reticulated porous diatomite-kaolin composite. As the amount of kaolin increases, it can be determined that the amount of inter-connected pore channels is reduced because the plate-shaped kaolin particles connect the gaps between irregular diatomite particles. Consequently, a higher kaolin percentage affects the overall mechanical properties by improving the pore channel connectivity. The effect of kaolin addition on the basic properties of the reticulated porous diatomite-kaolin composite is further discussed with characterization data such as pore size distribution, scanning electron microscopy images, and compressive strength.

In this study, the effects of Co content on the microstructure and Charpy impact properties of Fe-Cr-W ferritic/martensitic oxide dispersion strengthened (F/M ODS) steels are investigated. F/M ODS steels with 0–5 wt% Co are fabricated by mechanical alloying, followed by hot isostatic pressing, hot-rolling, and normalizing/tempering heat treatment. All the steels commonly exhibit two-phase microstructures consisting of ferrite and tempered martensite. The volume fraction of ferrite increases with the increase in the Co content, since the Co element considerably lowers the hardenability of the F/M ODS steel. Despite the lowest volume fraction of tempered martensite, the F/M ODS steel with 5 wt% Co shows the highest micro-Vickers hardness, owing to the solid solution-hardening effect of the alloyed Co. The high hardness of the steel improves the resistance to fracture initiation, thereby resulting in the enhanced fracture initiation energy in a Charpy impact test at – 40°C. Furthermore, the addition of Co suppresses the formation of coarse oxide inclusions in the F/M ODS steel, while simultaneously providing a high resistance to fracture propagation. Owing to these combined effects of Co, the Charpy impact energy of the F/M ODS steel increases gradually with the increase in the Co content.

This study is conducted as a preliminary research to verify the feasibility of Ti-based Oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloy. Pure-Ti powder is mixed with Y₂O₃ powder and subsequently, mechanically alloyed at -150°C. The Ti-based ODS powder is hot-isostatically pressed and subsequently hot-rolled for recrystallization. The microstructure consists of elongated grains and Y excess fine particles. The oxide particle size is larger than that of the typical Febased ODS steel. Tensile test shows that the tensile ductility is approximately 25%, while the strength is significantly higher than that of pure Ti. The high-temperature hardness of the Ti-ODS alloy is also significantly higher than that of pure Ti at all temperatures, while being lower than that of Ti-6Al-4V. The dimple structure is well developed, and no evidence of cleavage fracture surface is observed in the fracture surface of the tensile specimen.

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• Additive manufacturing of Ti-6Al-4V based oxide dispersion strengthened alloy using in-situ oxide-dispersed powders and bound metal deposition
  Woo Hyeok Kim, Raj Narayan Hajra, Hyung-Ki Park, Jung-Yeul Yun, Jeoung Han Kim
  Journal of Alloys and Compounds.2026; 1050: 185574.     CrossRef
• Experimental and Numerical Evaluation of Rockwell Hardness at High Temperatures
  NamSeok Lee
  Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers.2025; 34(3): 165.     CrossRef
• Spheroidization of Pure-vanadium Powder using Radio Frequency Thermal Plasma Process
  Nana Kwabena Adomako, Seungmin Yang, Min Gyu Lee, N. S. Reddy, Jeoung-Han Kim
  Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2019; 26(4): 305.     CrossRef
• Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction-Welded Alloy 718 and SNCRW Stainless Steel After Post-Weld Heat-Treatment
  Jeoung Han Kim, Nam-Yong Kim, Yu Sik Kong, Nho Kwang Park
  Journal of Welding and Joining.2019; 37(4): 313.     CrossRef

A lean alloy is defined as a low alloy steel that minimizes the content of the alloying elements, while maintaining the characteristics of the sintered alloy. The purpose of this study is to determine the change in microstructure and mechanical properties due to the addition of silicon or tin in Fe-Mo-P, Fe-Mn-P, and Fe-Mo-Mn-P alloys. Silicon- or tin-added F-Mo-P, Fe-Mn-P, and Fe-Mo-Mn-P master alloys were compacted at 700 MPa and subsequently sintered under a H₂-N₂ atmosphere at 1120°C. The sintered density of three alloy systems decreases under the same compacting pressure due to dimensional expansion with increasing Si content. As the diffusion rate in the Fe-P-Mo system is higher than that in the Fe-P-Mn system, the decrease in the sintered density is the largest in the Fe-PMn system. The sintered density of Sn added alloys does not change with the increasing Sn content due to the effect of non-dimensional changes. However, the effect of Si addition on the transverse rupture strengthening enhancement is stronger than that of Sn addition in these lean alloys.

In order to expand the application of oxide dispersion-strengthened (ODS) steel, a composite material is manufactured by adding mechanically alloyed ODS steel powder to conventional steel and investigated in terms of microstructure and wear properties. For comparison, a commercial automobile part material is also tested. Initial microstructural observations confirm that the composite material with added ODS steel contains i) a pearlitic Fe matrix area and ii) an area with Cr-based carbides and ODS steel particles in the form of a Fe-Fe3C structure. In the commercial material, various hard Co-, Fe-Mo-, and Cr-based particles are present in a pearlitic Fe matrix. Wear testing using the VSR engine simulation wear test confirms that the seatface widths of the composite material with added ODS steel and the commercial material are increased by 24% and 47%, respectively, with wear depths of 0.05 mm and 0.1 mm, respectively. The ODS steel-added composite material shows better wear resistance. Post-wear-testing surface and cross-sectional observations show that particles in the commercial material easily fall off, while the ODS steel-added material has an even, smooth wear surface.

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• First principles determination of formation of a Cr shell on the interface between Y–Ti–O nanoparticles and a ferritic steel matrix
  Ki-Ha Hong, Jae Bok Seol, Jeoung Han Kim
  Applied Surface Science.2019; 481: 69.     CrossRef
• Thermal Properties and Microstructural Changes of Fe-Co System Valve Seat Alloy by High Densification Process
  In-Shup Ahn, Dong-Kyu Park, Kwang-Bok Ahn, Seoung-Mok Shin
  Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2019; 26(2): 112.     CrossRef

Reaction-bonded silicon carbide (RBSC) is a SiC-based composite ceramic fabricated by the infiltration of molten silicon into a skeleton of SiC particles and carbon, in order to manufacture a ceramic body with full density. RBSC has been widely used and studied for many years in the SiC field, because of its relatively low processing temperature for fabrication, easy use in forming components with a near-net shape, and high density, compared with other sintering methods for SiC. A radiant tube is one of the most commonly employed ceramics components when using RBSC materials in industrial fields. In this study, the mechanical strengths of commercial RBSC tubes with different sizes are evaluated using 3-point flexural and C-ring tests. The size scaling law is applied to the obtained mechanical strength values for specimens with different sizes. The discrepancy between the flexural and C-ring strengths is also discussed.

The addition of a large amount of alloying elements reduces the compactibility and increases the compacting pressure, thereby shortening the life of the compacting die and increasing the process cost of commercial PM steel. In this study, the characteristic changes of Fe-Mo-P, Fe-Mn-P, and Fe-Mo-Mn-P alloys are investigated according to the Si contents to replace the expensive elements, such as Ni. All compacts with different Si contents are fabricated with the same green densities of 7.0 and 7.2 g/cm³. The transverse rupture strength (TRS) and sintered density are measured using the specimens obtained through the sintering process. The sintered density tends to decrease, whereas the TRS increases as the Si content increases. The TRS of the sintered specimen compacted with 7.2 g/cm³ is twice as high as that compacted with 7.0 g/cm³.

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• The Effects of Si or Sn on the Sintered Properties of Fe-(Mo,Mn)-P Lean alloy
  Woo-Young Jung, Jin-Uk Ok, Dong-Kyu Park, In-Shup Ahn
  Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2018; 25(4): 302.     CrossRef

This study investigates the oxidation properties of Fe-14Cr ferritic oxide-dispersion-strengthened (ODS) steel at various high temperatures (900, 1000, and 1100°C for 24 h). The initial microstructure shows that no clear structural change occurs even under high-temperature heat treatment, and the average measured grain size is 0.4 and 1.1 μm for the as-fabricated and heat-treated specimens, respectively. Y–Ti–O nanoclusters 10–50 nm in size are observed. High-temperature oxidation results show that the weight increases by 0.27 and 0.29 mg/cm² for the asfabricated and heat-treated (900°C) specimens, and by 0.47 and 0.50 mg/cm² for the as-fabricated and heat-treated (1000°C) specimens, respectively. Further, after 24 h oxidation tests, the weight increases by 56.50 and 100.60 mg/cm² for the as-fabricated and heat-treated (1100°C) specimens, respectively; the latter increase is approximately 100 times higher than that at 1000°C. Observation of the surface after the oxidation test shows that Cr₂O₃ is the main oxide on a specimen tested at 1000°C, whereas Fe₂O₃ and Fe₃O₄ phases also form on a specimen tested at 1100°C, where the weight increases rapidly. The high-temperature oxidation behavior of Fe-14Cr ODS steel is confirmed to be dominated by changes in the Cr₂O₃ layer and generation of Fe-based oxides through evaporation.

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• Microstructure and Wear Properties of Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Steel Powder Added Steel-Based Composite Material for Automotive Part
  Young-Kyun Kim, Jong-Kwan Park, Kee-Ahn Lee
  journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2018; 25(1): 36.     CrossRef

Harmonic structure materials are materials with a core–shell structure having a shell with a small grain size and a core with a relatively large grain size. They are in the spotlight because their mechanical properties reportedly feature strength similar to that of a sintered powder with a fine grain size and elongation similar to that of a sintered powder with a coarse grain size at the same time. In this study, the tensile properties, microstructure, and stretchflangeability of harmonic structure SUS304L made using powder metallurgy are investigated to check its suitability for automotive applications. The harmonic powders are made by mechanical milling and sintered using a spark plasma sintering method at 1173 K and a pressure of 50 MPa in a cylindrical die. The sintered powders of SUS304L having harmonic structure (harmonic SUS304L) exhibit excellent tensile properties compared with sintered powders of SUS304L having homogeneous microstructure. In addition, the harmonic SUS304L has excellent stretch-flangeability compared with commercial advanced high-strength steels (AHSSs) at a similar strength grade. Thus, the harmonic SUS304L is more suitable for automotive applications than conventional AHSSs because it exhibits both excellent tensile properties and stretch-flangeability.

A lean alloy is defined as a low alloy steel with a minimum amount of the alloying element that maintains the characteristics of the sintered alloy. It is well known that the addition of elements such as Cr, P, Si, or Mn improves the mechanical characteristics of the alloy, but decreases the sinterability. The mother alloy is used to avoid an oxidation reaction with the alloying elements of Cr, P, Si or Mn. The purpose of this study is to determine the change in the mechanical properties of Fe-P-Mo and Fe-P-Mn alloys as a result of the addition of Si. In this article, the Fe-P-Mo and Fe-P-Mn alloys to which Si is added are compacted at 7.0 g/cm³ and then sintered in H₂-N₂ at 1120°C. The P around the macropores and large grains reduces due to the formation of SiO₂ as the Si content increases. This is caused by the increase in strength owing to reducing intergranular fracture by suppressing the reaction with oxygen.

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• The Effects of Si or Sn on the Sintered Properties of Fe-(Mo,Mn)-P Lean alloy
  Woo-Young Jung, Jin-Uk Ok, Dong-Kyu Park, In-Shup Ahn
  Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2018; 25(4): 302.     CrossRef
• Sintering behavior of Fe-(Mo-Mn-P)-xSi alloys according to the Green Density
  Woo-Young Jung, Jin-Uk Ok, Dong-Kyu Park, In-Shup Ahn
  Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2017; 24(5): 400.     CrossRef

Powder injection molding (PIM), which combines the advantages of powder metallurgy and plastic injection molding technologies, has become one of the most efficient methods for the net-shape production of both metal and ceramic components. In this work, plasma display panel glass bodies are prepared by the PIM process. After sintering, the hot isostatic pressing (HIP) process is adopted for improving the density and mechanical properties of the PIMed glass bodies. The mechanical and thermal behaviors of the prepared specimens are analyzed through bending tests and dilatometric analysis, respectively. After HIPing, the flexural strength of the prepared glass body reaches up to 92.17 MPa, which is 1.273 and 2.178 times that of the fused glass body and PIMed bodies, respectively. Moreover, a thermal expansion coefficient of 7.816 × 10⁻⁶/°C is obtained, which coincides with that of the raw glass powder (7.5-8.0 × 10⁻⁶/°C), indicating that the glass body is fully densified after the HIP process.

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• Fabrication and characteristics of Li2TiO3 pebbles manufactured by using powder injection molding (PIM) process
  Young Ah Park, Yi-Hyun Park, Mu-Young Ahn, Young Soo Yoon
  Journal of Nuclear Materials.2024; 597: 155140.     CrossRef
• Combined simulation of micro and nanoparticles in RF inductively coupled plasma torches with the variations of metallic species and feeding nozzle location
  Cheongbin Cheon, Ho Jun Kim, Hae June Lee
  Japanese Journal of Applied Physics.2023; 62(SA): SA1014.     CrossRef
• High-throughput injection molding of transparent fused silica glass
  Markus Mader, Oliver Schlatter, Barbara Heck, Andreas Warmbold, Alex Dorn, Hans Zappe, Patrick Risch, Dorothea Helmer, Frederik Kotz, Bastian E. Rapp
  Science.2021; 372(6538): 182.     CrossRef
• Controlling the sintering response in the development of multilayered components produced via powder injection molding route—a review
  O. J. Ojo-kupoluyi, S. M. Tahir, T. T. Dele-Afolabi, M. S. Anuar
  The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology.2020; 107(9-10): 3755.     CrossRef
• Fabrication of pressureless sintered Si3N4 ceramic balls by powder injection molding
  Chang Woo Gal, Gi Woung Song, Woon Hyung Baek, Hyung Kyu Kim, Dae Keun Lee, Ki Wook Lim, Seong Jin Park
  Ceramics International.2019; 45(5): 6418.     CrossRef
• Thermal decomposition behavior and modeling of PMN-PZT ceramic feedstock with varying binder compositions
  Jae Man Park, Jun Sae Han, Chang Woo Gal, Joo Won Oh, Dongguo Lin, Jaebum Noh, Kunal H Kate, Sundar V Atre, Youngmoo Kim, Seong Jin Park
  Materials Research Express.2019; 6(6): 065316.     CrossRef
• Powder Injection Molding Process in Industrial Fields
  Joo Won OH, Chang Woo GAL, Daseul SHIN, Jae Man PARK, Woo Seok YANG, Seong Jin PARK
  Journal of the Japan Society of Powder and Powder Metallurgy.2018; 65(9): 539.     CrossRef
• Optimization of Process Condition for Fe Nano Powder Injection Molding
  Joo Won Oh, Won Sik Lee, Seong Jin Park
  Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2017; 24(3): 223.     CrossRef

In this study, the porous ceramic filter was developed to be able to remove both dust and hazardous gas contained in fuel gas at high temperature. The porous ceramic filters were fabricated and used as a catalyst support. And the effects have been investigated such as the mean particle size, organic content and addition of foaming agent on the porosity, compressive strength and pressure drop of ceramic filters. With the increase of mean powder size and the organic content for the cordierite filter, the porosity was increased, but the compressive strength and pressure drop were decreased. From the results of the research, the optimum condition for the fabrication of ceramic filters could be acquired and they had the porosity of 58%, the compressive strength of 13.4 MPa and the pressure drop of 250 Pa. It was expected that this ceramic filter was able to be applied to the glass melting furnace, combustor, and dust/toxic gas removal filter.

15Cr-1Mo base oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) steel which is considered to be as a promising candidate for high- temperature components in nuclear fusion and fission systems because of its excellent high temperature strength, corrosion and radiation resistance was fabricated by using mechanical alloying, hot isostatic pressing and hot rolling. Torsion tests were performed at room temperature, leading to two different shear strain routes in the forward and reverse directions. In this study, microstructure evolution of the ODS steel during simple shearing was investigated. Fine grained microstructure and a cell structure of dislocation with low angle boundaries were characterized with shear strain in the shear deformed region by electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD). Grain refinement with shear strain resulted in an increase in hardness. After the forward-reverse torsion, the hardness value was measured to be higher than that of the forward torsion only with an identical shear strain amount, suggesting that new dislocation cell structures inside the grain were generated, thus resulting in a larger strengthening of the steel.

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• Effect of high-energy ball milling on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ni-based ODS alloys fabricated using gas-atomized powder
  Chun Woong Park, Won June Choi, Jongmin Byun, Young Do Kim
  Journal of Materials Science.2022; 57(38): 18195.     CrossRef
• Analysis on Milling Behavior of Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Ni-based Atomizing Powder with Ni₅Y Intermetallic Phase
  Chun Woong Park, Jong Min Byun, Won June Choi, Young Do Kim
  Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2019; 26(2): 101.     CrossRef
• Current Status and Future Prospective of Advanced Radiation Resistant Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Steel (ARROS) Development for Nuclear Reactor System Applications
  Tae Kyu Kim, Sanghoon Noh, Suk Hoon Kang, Jin Ju Park, Hyun Ju Jin, Min Ku Lee, Jinsugn Jang, Chang Kyu Rhee
  Nuclear Engineering and Technology.2016; 48(2): 572.     CrossRef
• A Precipitation Behavior of Nano-Oxide Particles in Mechanically Alloyed Fe-5Y2O3Powders
  Ga Eon Kim, Sanghoon Noh, Ji Eun Choi, Young Do Kim, Tae Kyu Kim
  Journal of Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute.2015; 22(1): 46.     CrossRef